Berlain



(No Model.)

2Sheets-Sheet 1. A. P. CHAMBERLAIN. APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS FOR ILLUMINATING AND HEATING PURPOSES. Nb. 278,093.

Patented May 22,1883.

INVENTOR WITNESSES W /MW Modem 8 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

A. P. CHAMBERLAIN. APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS FOR ILLUMINA-TING AND HEATING PURPOSES.

No. 278,093. Patented May- 22,1888.

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AMOS P. CHAMBERLAIN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OFGAS FOR ILLUMINATING AND HEATING PURPOSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 278,098, dated May 22, 1883.

' Application filed October 5, 1882. (No model.)

' T all whom it may concern Beit known that I, AMOS PIERCE CHAM- BERLAIN, a citizen of the United States, and residing temporarily at London, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Gasfor Illuminating, Heating, and other Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of an improved apparatus for the economical manufacture of a rich fixed gas for illuminating, heating, and other purposes, by converting hydrocarbon oil and water into gas, and combining therewith a given-proportion of atmospheric air.

The construction and operation of my improved apparatus will be understood from the following description, the points of novelty being pointed out in the claim concluding this specification, reference being had to the draw- 1n gs.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of one form of retort,'together with the washing apparatus and the receiver. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the furnace and retort shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 isa longitudinal section of a retort of circular form, with a return-flue for the heat to return through itinstead of over the top, as'in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1. Fig. atis a transverse section of a retort shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section through the retort and an air-forcin g apparatus, B, by which a stream of air is supplied to the retort with the oil and water.

My improved apparatus consists of one or more retorts, c, inclosed in a brick chamber, and having a fine under, behind, and above it, as shown in Fig.1 of the drawings, the furnace being made under the retort, as indi oated, and the top flue being charged with coal or coke, as shown. The fire, being kindled in the furnace under the retort, passes back around its rear end and returns through the top flue upon the coal or coke placed upon the top of the retort, igniting it and forming a hot live fire upon the top, as well as under the bottom of the retort. In combination with said retort are arranged two reservoirs, a and 7 and water. i In combination with each of these reservoirs is a branch pipe, each of which is.

fitted with a funnel-shaped top, into which the oil and water are delivered from the reservoirs. These branch pipes unite into a pipe common to them both, into which the oil and water intermix on their way to the retort through the pipe d. retort an air-pipe, h, is led, which pipe is connected to any suitable air-forcing apparatus, B. In the rear end of the retort a gas-delivering pipe, 0, is introduced, by which the gas as it is generated escapes from the retort to the washing-reservoirj. From thence the gas passes through pipe I) into the gas-holder K.

By Figs. 3 and 4 are shown a modified form of the retort. In this case the retort is made cylindrical, having the returmflue through its center instead of over its top, as in Figs. 1 and 2.

The operation of my apparatus is as follows: I lead the oil and water from the separate res ervoirs in certain fixed proportions through the branch pipes to the pipe d, common to both reservoirs, the oil mixing with the water asit unites from the branch pipes into thepipe' by the decomposition of the water, oil, and air under the influence of the heated retort is led away-into the washing-reservoir, and thence into the gas-holder, as before described. The product thus obtained is a very rich fixed gas of equal condition and unvarying quality In thefront end of the throughout, and which can be stored for any length of time without deterioration.

In the practice of'my invention I use about the following proportions of oil, air, and water, assuming the ordinary standard white petroleum to be used in the operatiouthat is to say, eighty per cent.of oil and twenty per cent. ofwater, and air, in the proportions of about three (3) feet of air to one of the gas made from the above proportions of oil and water; but these proportions vary greatly, depending upon what the gas isto be used for, the richnessot' the oil and various other conditions entering 2 streets into the manufacturing and use of the gas; but the best proportions for the varying conditions will be quickly ascertained by a little experience of the person in charge of its manufacture.

By a modification of the above process I cause a separate conversion into gas of the combined oil and water and of the intermixed atmospheric air with the gases thus formed,

claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

The means substantially herein described for manufacturing illuminating-gas from by drocarbon oil, water, and air, which means consist of separate reservoirs, (a and. b,)to contain the oil and water,respeetively, each of said reservoirs having cocks or valves to regulate the flow of the oil and water, and each of them having a delivery pipe uniting into a pipe (d)- common to them both, in which the oil and Water are intermixed, said pipes and reservoirs being combined with a heated retort, an airforcing apparatus and pipe, (B and 7a,) and a gas-delivering pipe, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signedmy name in presence of two subscribing witmesses.

A. P. CHAMBERLAIN.

\Vitnesses:

JNo. H. JUDGE, AMOS BROADNAX. 

